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Caffeine is a nervous system stimulant that heightens alertness and provides the morning pick-up that many people enjoy. However, daily use of 300+ mg can result in anxiety, insomnia, trembling, heart palpitations, increased urination or diarrhea. Our physicians consider caffeine in moderation (under 200 mg of caffeine daily) to be reasonable for infertility patients.
Many studies have found a link between caffeine and infertility. In women, caffeine may be associated with an increased time to achieve pregnancy. Some studies connect caffeine intake with an increased risk of early miscarriage. March of Dimes describes how caffeine crosses and affects the placenta. However, most studies show that caffeine only increases miscarriage rates at very high amounts.
Excessive caffeine reduces the body’s ability to absorb iron, an essential nutrient for pregnancy in preventing anemia, fatigue, low birth weight and pre-term delivery. Caffeine also decreases the absorption of essential nutrients such as Vitamin D, Calcium, B Vitamins and more. Caffeine also has a diuretic effect which can contribute to dehydration and related issues.
Leading up to and during pregnancy, women should consider limiting caffeine intake to 150 mg or eliminating it altogether. Those who consume large amounts of caffeinated beverages should taper gradually to avoid withdrawal symptoms.
While caffeine use itself does not negatively affect semen quality, the detriments of too much caffeine intake are harmful to overall health. For overall health and wellness in male partners, we recommend limiting to 300 mg of caffeine or less. Those who consume large amounts of caffeinated beverages should taper gradually to avoid withdrawal symptoms such as headaches, irritability, restlessness, and nausea.
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See more information on caffeine content from the Center for Science in the Public Interest.
Current evidence shows no clear negative link between moderate caffeine consumption and natural fertility or time to pregnancy. Research has not found significant impact of caffeine on fecundability or IVF success rates—even at moderate levels (about 100–300 mg/day).
Most health authorities recommend limiting caffeine to around 200 mg/day—roughly one 12 oz (350 mL) cup of coffee—for those who are pregnant or trying to conceive. Consuming less than this amount doesn’t appear to harm fertility.
Even though direct fertility impacts are unclear, higher caffeine consumption—particularly above 300 mg/day—has been associated with increased risks of pregnancy complications (such as miscarriage, low birth weight, or preterm birth) once pregnant. Because your body’s handling of caffeine and its effects on early pregnancy can be uncertain, experts recommend staying on the safe side.
Yes—some research suggests a potential negative effect of high caffeine intake on semen quality. Consuming more than 300 mg/day has been linked to reduced sperm motility. However, moderate coffee intake (2–3 cups/day) may not be harmful and could even improve motility in some cases.
Completely eliminating caffeine isn’t necessary for most people unless you’re sensitive to it or advised by your healthcare provider. Moderate consumption (around 200 mg/day) is generally considered safe. Reducing intake may still help you avoid withdrawal symptoms or side effects like jitteriness.
Caffeine isn’t just in coffee. It’s also found in:
Tea (black, green, some herbal blends)
Soft drinks (cola)
Energy drinks
Chocolate
Certain medications (like headache or cold remedies)
Checking labels is important if you’re monitoring your daily intake.
Interestingly, some studies suggest that moderate tea consumption (under 2 cups/day) may be linked to a reduced risk of infertility, possibly due to antioxidants and other beneficial compounds. However, these findings are preliminary, and more research is needed.
Absolutely. Everyone’s health situation is unique. If you have conditions such as heart issues, anxiety, or caffeine sensitivity, it’s best to review your caffeine intake with your doctor. Most providers recommend staying near or below the 200 mg/day guideline when trying to conceive.